Home and Away (Part2)

 I had helped to organise a field trip for Inverness Botany Group, which was a walk up "The Big Glen" in Golspie to look at ferns with an expert (Dr Heather McHaffie). The weather forecast was pretty grim so we were all dressed up in waterproofs, but apart from the odd shower, it was much better than expected.

Heather explaining about ferns to some well wrapped up botanists!

One of the ferns we were looking at grows on walls and trees and rocks, and is a Polypody.  It is quite common - here's one I found  locally near Pattack Falls.

Those round brown spots on the underside are called sori and hold little packets of spores. The colour and shape are key features when you are trying to identify ferns, as different species have different shaped sori. I found out that there are three different polypodies, which look much the same, but have different spores (this is starting to sound like lichens!). I took a little bit home and put it under the microscope.

Close up of sori on polypody

The orange blobs are made up of lots of little spheres, which - if you look closely - have a wormlike strip along one side, and are full of tiny bean shaped spores

Here's one of the spores, much enlarged:

So what is the purpose of the wormlike strip?  When conditions are right, it pings open the sphere into 2 halves and the spores are flung out. AS you will see my video skills are minimal but if you have the patience,watch the 27 second video and keep your eyes on the bottom right to see a "ball" opening and then flinging the spores out .  It reminded me of a trebouchet (one of those siege engines that lob boulders at castles!)

On the way home we  passed a sandbank with basking harbour seals.

At Embo, there are some striking sandstone rocks and a long sandy beach. 

Embo beach

I have been reading a book titled Sea Bean by Sally Huband who took up beachcombing when she moved to Shetland, so I kept my eyes open for any finds.  The beach was very clean with no piles of plastic, though I did find a little monster...

The path to the beach was covered with a sprawling bindweed.  To identify it, I had to look closely at the green and brown portion (sepals and bracts) cupping the flower.  The two outer bracts didn't overlap. This arrangement identified it as Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium).  The other similar bindweed is Large Bindweed (Calystegia silvatica)

Large Bindweed on left, Hedge Bindweed (at Embo) on the right

Large Bindweed can get very large - here's some climbing up the  trees near Clune Terrace Play Park in Newtonmore.

In Newtonmore, you can also find Bindweed  growing in the Jack Richmond Memorial Park and by Loch Imrich.

What, a whole post and no lichens? Maybe in the next post!

Bindweeds

 Bindweeds are those plants that twine around fences, trees and other plants - anywhere they can get a grip - and if nothing is available they carpet the ground.  There are two areas in Newtonmore where Large Bindweed (Calystegia silvatica) has taken hold and covered large areas - near the Clune Terrace Playpark and the Jack Richmond Memorial Park.

Large Bindweed near Clune Terrace, climbing a tree

Large Bindweeed at Jack Richmond Park

The flowers are large and white, a trumpet shape with green "bracteoles" - little green leaves- at their base.

Large Bindweed flowers

The arrangement of the bracteoles helps to distinguish it from another lookalike, Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium). In Large Bindweed the two big bracteoles overlap and look as if they are inflated.

Overlapping bracteoles of Large Bindweed

Where I was brought up, in North Cheshire, my route to Primary School went along a lane where Large Bindweed grew up the fence.  We called it "Granny-pop-out-of-bed".  The video shows you why (apologies for the sound, it was very windy when I filmed this.)

A similar Bindweed grows on the back path from the Golf Clubhouse to Curly's Lane. It is Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium).

Hedge Bindweed

From the angle of the photograph, you could be forgiven for thinking this was the same as Large Bindweed, but if you look from the side, you can see that the bracteoles (the green leaves at the base) don't overlap, so it is Hedge Bindweed.

Hedge Bindweed - non overlapping bracteoles.

In Hedge Bindweed you can also see the sepals, which are paler green and beneath the bracteoles.  In Large Bindweed, the sepals were completely hidden.

 I found a third Bindweed in my garden, and I think it must have arrived with some manure as I had not seen it before. Here it is among my courgettes.

Black-bindweed

It has tiny white flowers and is much smaller. It is Black-bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus). Apparently it has black seeds, but I have been weeding it out too soon to check that.  It had certainly managed to appear at lots of other places in the garden so I can't have been thorough enough.

Seeds of Black-bindweed, enclosed in green sepals

It is in a different family to the previous Bindweeds (which are in Convolvulaceae) as it is in the same family as Japanese Knotweed and Buckwheat.